It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: When the Muslims arrived in Madinah, they would gather and wait for the time of prayer, but no one would call for it. One day, they discussed the matter, and some suggested using a bell like the Christians, while others proposed using a horn like the Jews. Then 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Why don’t you appoint a man to call for the prayer?" The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "O Bilal, stand up and call for the prayer." [Agreed upon]
'Ali Al-Qari said: "Meaning, call out 'As-Salatu Jami'ah' (the prayer is gathering)." This is based on what is mentioned in the Mursal narration from Abu Sa'id that Bilal used to call out, "As-Salatu Jami'ah," and then the Adhan was established. In the explanation of Muslim, Al-Qadi 'Iyad said: "The apparent meaning is that it was an announcement and notification of the arrival of the prayer time, but it was not in the form of the prescribed Adhan." An-Nawawi said: "This is the correct view."
And the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "And when you call to prayer, they take it in ridicule and amusement. That is because they are a people who do not reason." (Qur'an, Al-Ma'idah 5:58). And His saying: "O you who have believed, when the call to prayer is made on the day of Jumu'ah (Friday)..." (Qur'an, Al-Jumu'ah 62:9).
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 604 (unverified) 99% confidence
Candidate: Sahih Muslim 377 (unverified) 98% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: واضح ہو کہ ابتدا میں اذان سے پہلے لوگوں کو نماز کیلئے جمع کرنے کیلئے ”اَلصَّلٰوةُ جَامِعَةٌ“
کے الفاظ سے بلایا جاتا تھا پھر بعد میں اذان شروع ہوئی۔ (مرقات۔)
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd Al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was concerned about how to call people to prayer. He even considered appointing men to stand on high places and signal to the people when it was time for prayer. Then, in a dream, I saw a man wearing two green garments standing on the wall of the mosque, calling out: "الله أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ" four times, "أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الله" twice, "أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ الله مَرَّتَيْنِ" twice, "حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ" twice, "حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ" twice, and then " الله أَكْبَرُ الله أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ". Then he stood up for Iqamah and repeated the same, adding at the end, "قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ" (the prayer has begun, the prayer has begun). I informed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about this, and he said, "Go and teach it to Bilal." I did so, and when Bilal called the Adhan, the people rushed to the mosque, not knowing what had happened. 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said, "If I had not been preceded, I would have informed you that I saw the same thing in a dream." [Narrated by Abu Ash-Shaikh, and similar narrations were narrated by Ibn Majah, Abu Dawud, and Ahmad]
Al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Khuzaymah, and Al-Bukhari authenticated what Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi in ʾIlal.
It is narrated from Ibn Abi Layla that he said: Our companions told us that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "I was pleased with the idea of the Muslims having a unified call to prayer. I even considered sending men to the houses to announce the prayer, and I also thought of appointing men to stand on high places and call the Muslims to prayer at its time." Then a man from the Ansar came and said, "O Messenger of Allah, when I returned, I saw a man wearing two green garments standing on the mosque, calling the Adhan. Then he sat for a while, stood up again, and repeated the same, but added, 'قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ' (the prayer has begun)." He then narrated the rest of the story.
It is narrated from Yahya ibn Sa'id that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) wanted to use two pieces of wood to strike together to gather people for prayer. Then 'Abdullah ibn Zayd Al-Ansari saw two pieces of wood in a dream and said, "These are similar to what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) wants." It was said, "Why don’t you call the Adhan for the prayer?" When he woke up, he went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and mentioned it to him. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then ordered the Adhan to be established.
It is narrated from Abu 'Umayr ibn Anas, from his uncles among the Ansar, that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was concerned about how to gather people for prayer. It was suggested to him, "Raise a flag when it is time for prayer, and when people see it, they will inform each other." However, he did not like this idea. It was also suggested to use a horn (Shabur), but he did not like that either, saying, "That is from the practice of the Jews." Then it was suggested to use a bell, and he said, "That is from the practice of the Christians."
Then 'Abdullah ibn Zayd left, deeply concerned about the matter that troubled the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). He was later shown the Adhan in his dream. He said: "I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) the next morning and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, while I was between sleep and wakefulness, someone came to me and showed me the Adhan.'" 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab had also seen it before but had kept it to himself for twenty days. He then informed the Prophet (peace be upon him), who asked, "What prevented you from telling me?" 'Umar replied, "Abdullah ibn Zayd preceded me, and I felt embarrassed." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "O Bilal, stand up and see what Abdullah ibn Zayd instructs you to do, and then do it." Bilal then called the Adhan. Abu Bishr, the narrator, said: "Abu 'Umayr informed me that the Ansar believed that if Abdullah ibn Zayd had not been ill that day, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would have appointed him as the Mu'adhdhin (caller to prayer)."
It is narrated from 'Alqamah, from Ibn Buraidah, that a man from the Ansar passed by the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and noticed that he was sad. The man used to gather people when he ate, but he left feeling sad because of the Prophet's sadness and abandoned his meal and the gathering. He entered the mosque to pray, and while he was in that state, he dozed off. In his dream, someone came to him and said, "Do you know why the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is sad?" He replied, "No." The person said, "It is because of the call to prayer. Go to him and instruct him to order Bilal to call the Adhan." He then taught him the Adhan: "اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ" twice, "أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ" twice, "أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ" twice, "حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ" twice, "حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ" twice, " اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ" Then he taught him the Iqamah in the same manner, adding at the end, "قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ" (the prayer has begun, the prayer has begun). The Ansari man then went and sat at the door of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Abu Bakr passed by and said, "Seek permission for me," as he had seen a similar dream. He informed the Prophet (peace be upon him) about it. Then the Ansari man sought permission and entered, informing the Prophet of what he had seen. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Abu Bakr has already informed me of the same. Then he ordered Bilal to call the Adhan in that manner." [Narrated by our Imam Abu Hanifah, and At-Tabarani narrated something similar in Al-Awsat.
In the narration of Ibn Abi Shaybah and Sa'id ibn Mansur from Abu Mahdhurah, from the Prophet (peace be upon him), the Iqamah is:
"اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ"
It is narrated from 'Abdur-Rahman ibn Abi Layla that he said: Our companions among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) narrated that 'Abdullah ibn Zayd Al-Ansari came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I saw in a dream a man standing, wearing two green garments, on a wall. He called the Adhan twice and the Iqamah twice, then sat for a while." Bilal heard this, stood up, and called the Adhan twice and the Iqamah twice, then sat for a while. [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah and Abu Ash-Shaikh, Al-Bayhaqi also narrated something similar in his Sunan from Waki']
The scholars said: "The chain of narrators of this hadith consists of reliable narrators, and it is connected according to the methodology of the majority regarding the uprightness of the Companions. The fact that some of their names are unknown does not harm the narration."
ف: اس حدیث میں اذان اور اقامت کے بعد بیٹھنے کا جو ذکر ہے اس سے اس بات کا اشارہ
مقصود ہے کہ اذان اور اقامت ختم ہوگئی، نیز اذان اور اقامت کے بعد بیٹھنے سے یہ وضاحت بھی مقصود
ہے کہ اذان اور اقامت کھڑے ہو کر کہنا مستحب ہے چنانچہ ”تنویر الابصار“ میں لکھا ہے کہ بیٹھے ہوئے
اذان اور اقامت کہنا مکروہ ہے۔12
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had considered using a horn and ordered the use of a bell, which was carved. Then 'Abdullah ibn Zayd was shown in a dream. He said: "I saw a man wearing two green garments carrying a bell. I said to him, 'O servant of Allah, will you sell the bell?' He said, 'What will you do with it?' I said, 'I will call people to prayer with it.' He said, 'Shall I not guide you to something better than this?' I said, 'What is it?' He said, 'Say:
اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ'"
'Abdullah ibn Zayd then went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and informed him of what he had seen. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, I saw a man wearing two green garments," and he related the story. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "Your companion has seen a true dream. Go with Bilal to the mosque and teach it to him, and let Bilal call the Adhan, for his voice is louder than yours." 'Abdullah said: "I went with Bilal to the mosque, and I taught him the Adhan, and he called it out." 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab heard the voice and came out, saying, "O Messenger of Allah, I saw the same thing that he saw."
It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar that he said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was taken on the Night Journey (Al-Isra'), he was inspired with the Adhan. He brought it down, and Jibril taught it to him. [Narrated by At-Tabarani in Al-Awsat]
Our scholars said: "The Isra' mentioned in At-Tabarani's narration is not the well-known Isra'. It could have been in his spirit or in a vision, as the Isra' occurred multiple times. Thus, he saw it in his dream, and the dreams of the Prophets are a form of revelation. This was followed by the dreams of the Companions, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) showed approval to make them happy with the agreement of their visions. Otherwise, it is a legal ruling that cannot be established solely through the dreams of others."
ف: ہمارے علماء نے کہا ہے کہ طبرانی کی اس روایت میں جس معراج کا ذکر آیا ہے وہ مشہور
معراج نہیں، یہ معراج جس میں اذان کے الفاظ سکھائے گئے ہیں جسمانی نہیں بلکہ روحانی تھی، کیونکہ
حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو جسمانی معراج ایک ہی ہوئی ہے، البتہ روحانی معراج متعدد ہوئے ہیں، یا یہ
حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کا خواب تھا، جو معراج کے حکم میں ہے اور انبیاء علیہم الصلوۃ والسلام کا خواب بھی
وحی ہوتا ہے اور یہ خواب بھی ایک روحانی معراج تھی جس میں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو اذان کے الفاظ
سکھائے گئے، صحابہ رضی اللہ عنہم کو پہلے خواب میں اذان سکھائی گئی اور بعد میں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو
خواب میں اذان کے بارے میں وحی کی گئی، اس سے مقصود یہ تھا کہ اذان کے بارے میں اس موافقت
کی وجہ سے صحابہ کرام کو خوشی حاصل ہو اور یہ ان سے منقول ہو ورنہ درحقیقت اذان کا حکم ایک شرعی حکم
ہے جو نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے خواب کے سوا دوسروں کے خواب سے ثابت نہیں ہوسکتا۔12
It is narrated from 'Ubayd ibn 'Umayr 1 Al-Laythi that when 'Umar saw the Adhan in a dream, he came to inform the Prophet (peace be upon him) but found that revelation had already been sent regarding it. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to him, "Revelation has preceded you."
It is narrated from Al-Aswad ibn Yazid that he said: I asked Abu Mahdhurah, "How did you call the Adhan for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), and what did you say at the end of your Adhan?" He replied, "I would repeat the Iqamah like the Adhan, and I would end the Adhan with 'لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ' (There is no god but Allah)." [Narrated by Abu Ash-Shaikh]
Imam Ibn Al-Humam said that At-Tabarani narrated in Al-Awsat from Abu Mahdhurah, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) taught me the Adhan word by word: ' اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ...' and so on," but he did not mention the Tarji' (repeating the Shahadah twice).
ف: ترجیع یہ ہے کہ ”اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّا اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ. اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّا اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ. اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ
مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ. اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ“ کو پست آواز سے ادا کرے پھر اس کے
بعد یہی الفاظ ”اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّا اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ. اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَّا اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ. اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُوْلُ
اللّٰهِ. اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ“ کو بلند آواز سے کہے ترجیع اسی کو کہتے ہیں اور یہ ترجیع احناف
کے پاس جائز نہیں ہے جس کی تائید ابو محذورہ رضی اللہ عنہ کی اس حدیث سے ہوتی ہے اور اسی طرح
حضرت بلال اور ابن ام مکتوم رضی اللہ عنہما کی اذان سے بھی ترجیع ثابت نہیں۔ (شرح وقایہ، عمدۃ
الرعایہ، ہدایہ اور مرقات۔)
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd that he said: "The Adhan of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was in pairs, both in the Adhan and the Iqamah."
It is narrated from 'Abdur-Rahman ibn Abi Layla that he said: "Abdullah ibn Zayd Al-Ansari, the Mu'adhdhin of the Prophet (peace be upon him), would say the Adhan and Iqamah in pairs."
It is narrated from Mak'hul that Ibn Muhayriz narrated to him that he heard Abu Mahdhurah saying: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) taught me the Iqamah in seventeen words."
It is narrated from Mujahid regarding the Iqamah being said once: "This is something that the rulers made light of." [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
Az-Zayla'i said in Tabyin Al-Haqa'iq: "Abu Al-Faraj said that the Iqamah used to be in pairs, but when the Umayyads came to power, they made it singular."
ف: امام زیلعی نے تبیین الحقائق میں وضاحت کی ہے کہ ابوالفرج کا قول ہے کہ اقامت کے
الفاظ دو دو مرتبہ کہے جاتے تھے لیکن جب بنو اُمیہ کی حکومت آئی تو ان لوگوں نے اقامت کے الفاظ کو
ایک ایک مرتبہ جاری کر دیا۔
It is narrated from Ibrahim that he said: "The Iqamah used to be like the Adhan until these kings came and made it singular for speed when they went out."
It is narrated from Bilal that he came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) to call him for Fajr prayer and found him sleeping. He said, "الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ" (Prayer is better than sleep) twice. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "How good this is, O Bilal! Include it in your Adhan."
It is narrated from Abu Mahdhurah that he said: "I used to call the Adhan for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), and in the first Adhan of Fajr, I would say,
'حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ'"
This was narrated by Al-Nasa’i.
It is narrated from Ibn Sirin that he said: "It is from the Sunnah for the Mu'adhdhin to say in the Fajr Adhan, 'حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ'"
It is narrated from Abu Bakrah that he said: "I went out with the Prophet (peace be upon him) for Fajr prayer, and he would not pass by anyone without calling them to prayer or nudging them with his foot." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
'Ali Al-Qari said: "This indicates the permissibility of Tathweeb (calling to prayer) in general." 1
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Sunan Abi Dawud 1264 (unverified) 91% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
This indicates the permissibility of Tathweeb in general.
(1) His statement: "This indicates the permissibility of Tathweeb in general." And in the explanation of An-Nuqayah, it is said: "Tathweeb is the announcement of prayer between the Adhan and Iqamah according to what is customary in each region. It is considered Hasan in our view for every prayer because people are often neglectful in religious matters. However, Malik and Shafi'i disliked it absolutely."
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: يؤخذ منه مشروعية التثويب في الجملة وقال في شرح النقاية والتثويب وهو الإعلام بالصلاة بين الأذان والإقامة بحسب ما تعارفه أهل كل بلد من لفظه حسن عندنا في كل صلاة؛ لتواني الناس في الأمور الدينية، وكرهه مالك والشافعي مطلقا.
Note 1
ف: ملا علی قاری رحمۃ اللہ علیہ نے کہا ہے کہ اس حدیث سے تثویب کی مشروعیت معلوم ہوتی
ہے، چنانچہ مرقاۃ میں لکھا ہے کہ تثویب یہ ہے کہ ہر شہر والوں کے عرف کے موافق جو بھی لفظ مقرر کیا جائے
اس کے ذریعہ سے اذان اور اقامت کے درمیان نماز کا اعلان کیا جائے اس لئے تثویب ہر نماز میں
ہمارے پاس مستحب ہے کیونکہ امور دینیہ کی ادائی میں لوگوں میں سستی پیدا ہوچکی ہے البتہ امام مالک اور
امام شافعی رحمہما اللہ نے تثویب کو مطلقاً مکروہ قرار دیا ہے۔12
It is narrated from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to Bilal: "When you call the Adhan, do so calmly, and when you call the Iqamah, do so quickly. Leave enough time between your Adhan and Iqamah for a person to finish eating, drinking, and for one who needs to relieve themselves to do so. And do not stand (for prayer) until you see me." 2
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 195 (unverified) 98% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 2
Do not stand until you see me
(2) Explanation of the statement: "Do not stand until you see me": This likely means that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would come out of his room after the Mu'adhdhin began the Iqamah and enter the mosque’s Mihrab (prayer niche) when the Mu'adhdhin said, " حَيَّ على الصلاة " (Come to prayer). Therefore, our scholars stated that the Imam and the congregation should stand at "حَيَّ على الصلاة" and begin the prayer at "قد قامت الصلاة" (Prayer has begun), according to the opinion of Abu Hanifah and Muhammad. According to Abu Yusuf, they should begin at the completion of the Iqamah. The meaning is that when the Mu'adhdhin finishes saying, "قد قامت الصلاة" the Imam should begin. In Al-Khulasa, this is the most correct opinion. It is also said that it means the Imam begins before the completion of this statement. In Al-Muhit, Imam Al-Hulwani said: "This is the correct view." It is mentioned in Khazana: "If the Imam does not begin until after the completion of the Iqamah, there is no harm in that." The discussion here is about what is recommended, not what is merely permissible. The majority follow the opinion of Abu Yusuf so that the Mu'adhdhin can catch the beginning of the Imam’s prayer, and this is the practice of the people of the Two Holy Mosques. Allah knows best. According to Malik and Shafi'i, the Imam should delay starting until the Iqamah is completed and the rows are straight. This is taken from Al-Mirqat and Sharh An-Nuqayah.
Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated from Hammad that Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) would stand when the Mu'adhdhin said, "قد قامت الصلاة" (Prayer has begun), and the Imam said the Takbir.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: ولا تقوموا حتى تروني : لعله كان يخرج من الحجرة بعد شروع المؤذن في الإقامة، ويدخل في محراب المسجد عند قوله: «حَيَّ على الصلاة، ولذا قال أئمتنا ويقوم الإمام والقوم عند «حي على الصلاة ويشرع عند قد قامت الصلاة في قول أبي حنيفة ومحمد، وعند الفراغ من الإقامة في قول أبي يوسف. والمعنى: إذا فرغ المؤذن من قوله: «قد قامت الصلاة شرع الإمام. في الخلاصة: هذا هو الأصح وقيل : معناه أنه شرع فيها قبل تمام هذا القول. وفي المحيط»: قال الإمام الحلواني: هذا هو الصحيح، وذكر في خزانة»: لو لم يشرع حتى فرغ من الإقامة، فلا بأس به، والكلام في الاستحباب لا في الجواز. انتهي والجمهور على قول أبي يوسف؛ ليدرك المؤذن أول صلاة الإمام، وعليه عمل أهل الحرمين، والله تعالى أعلم. وعند مالك والشافعي: يؤخر الشروع إلى الفراغ من الإقامة واستواء الصفوف المرقاة» وشرح النقاية» ملتقط منهما.
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث میں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے جو ارشاد فرمایا کہ جب تک تم مجھے دیکھ نہ لو نماز
کیلئے کھڑے نہ ہوا کرو، اس سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ غالباً رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم اپنے حجرہ مبارک سے
مؤذن کی اقامت شروع کر دینے کے بعد نکلتے تھے اور مؤذن جب ”حَیَّ عَلَی الصَّلوٰةِ“ کہتا تو
آپ مسجد کے محراب میں آ جاتے، اسی لئے ہمارے ائمہ نے کہا ہے کہ امام اور مقتدی سب ”حَیَّ عَلَی
الصَّلوٰةِ“ کے وقت کھڑے ہو جائیں اور امام ”قَدْقَامَتِ الصَّلوٰةُ“ کے وقت نماز شروع کر دے۔ یہ
امام ابوحنیفہ اور امام محمد رحمہما اللہ کا قول ہے اور امام ابویوسف رحمہ اللہ نے کہا ہے کہ اقامت سے فراغت
کے بعد نماز شروع کی جائے۔
”خلاصہ“ میں لکھا ہے کہ فتویٰ امام ابوحنیفہ اور امام محمد رحمہما اللہ کے قول پر ہے اس لئے
”قَدْقَامَتِ الصَّلوٰةُ“ پر نماز شروع کی جائے۔
واضح ہو کہ نماز شروع کرنے کے بارے میں ہمارے ائمہ کے درمیان جو اختلاف پایا جاتا ہے
اس کا تعلق استحباب سے ہے کہ ”قَدْقَامَتِ الصَّلوٰةُ“ کے وقت نماز شروع کرنا مستحب ہے یا اقامت
سے فارغ ہونے کے بعد نماز کا شروع کرنا مستحب ہے؟ ورنہ مؤذن کے اقامت سے فارغ ہونے کے
بعد نماز کا شروع کرنا سب کے پاس بالاتفاق جائز ہے۔ چنانچہ خزانۃ میں مذکور ہے کہ اگر امام نے نماز
شروع نہیں کی یہاں تک کہ مؤذن اقامت سے فارغ ہو گیا تو اس میں کوئی مضائقہ نہیں ہے۔ یہاں
خزانۃ کی عبارت ختم ہوئی) اور جمہور کا اتفاق امام ابویوسف رحمہ اللہ کے قول پر ہے کہ مؤذن کے اقامت
سے فارغ ہونے کے بعد نماز شروع کی جائے، کیونکہ اس صورت میں مؤذن کو بھی نماز امام کے ساتھ
ابتداء ہی سے مل جاتی ہے اور اسی پر اہل حرمین کا عمل ہے۔ وَاللّٰهُ تَعَالٰی أَعْلَمُ۔
البتہ امام مالک اور امام شافعی رحمہما اللہ کا قول یہ ہے کہ امام نماز شروع کرنے میں اتنی تاخیر
کرے کہ مؤذن اقامت سے فارغ ہو جائے اور صفیں درست کر لی جائیں۔ (ماخوذ از: مرقاۃ و شرح نقایہ۔)
It is narrated from Ziyad ibn Al-Harith As-Suda'i that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded me to call the Adhan for Fajr prayer, so I called the Adhan. Bilal wanted to call the Iqamah, but the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "The brother from Suda' has called the Adhan, and whoever calls the Adhan should also call the Iqamah." 1
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 199 (unverified) 97% confidence
Candidate: Sunan Abi Dawud 514 (unverified) 95% confidence
Candidate: Sunan Ibn Majah 717 (unverified) 94% confidence
Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.
Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
Whoever calls the Adhan should also call the Iqamah
(1) Explanation of the statement: "Whoever calls the Adhan should also call the Iqamah": In our view (Hanafi school), it is not disliked for someone other than the Mu'adhdhin to call the Iqamah with the Mu'adhdhin's consent. This is also the opinion of Malik. However, Shafi'i disliked it. If the Mu'adhdhin is not present, there is no dislike in someone else calling the Iqamah, according to unanimous agreement. Nevertheless, it is preferable for the Mu'adhdhin to also call the Iqamah, based on this hadith and the following narrations. This is summarized from Sharh An-Nuqayah.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: من أذن فهو يقيم ولا يكره عندنا إقامة غير المؤذن برضاه، وبه قال مالك، وكرهها الشافعي. أما لو لم يحضر فلا يكره اتفاقا. نعم، الأفضل أن يكون المؤذن هو المقيم، له هذا الحديث، ولنا الأحاديث الآتية بعد. شرح النقاية ملخصا.
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث میں مذکور ہے کہ جو اذان دے وہی اقامت کہے، اس بارے میں ہمارا مذہب
یہ ہے کہ اگر اذان دینے والے کی رضامندی سے دوسرا شخص اقامت کہے تو یہ مکروہ نہیں ہے اور امام
مالک رحمہ اللہ کا بھی یہی قول ہے، البتہ امام شافعی رحمۃ اللہ علیہ نے اذان دینے والے کے سوا اگر دوسرا
اقامت کہے تو اس کو مطلقاً مکروہ قرار دیا ہے لیکن اذان دینے والا حاضر نہ ہو تو متفقہ طور پر کسی امام کے
پاس بھی دوسرے کا اقامت کہنا مکروہ نہیں ہے، ہمارے پاس بھی افضل یہی ہے کہ اذان دینے والا ہی
اقامت کہے، علاوہ ازیں اذان دینے والے کے سوا دوسرے کی اقامت جو ہمارے پاس جائز ہے، اس
کی تائید میں ذیل کی حدیثیں ملاحظہ کیجئے۔ (رد المحتار، شرح وقایہ۔)
It is narrated from Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah, from his uncle 'Abdullah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: The Prophet (peace be upon him) considered various methods for the Adhan but did not implement any of them. Then 'Abdullah ibn Zayd was shown the Adhan in a dream. He went to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and informed him. The Prophet said, "Teach it to Bilal." He taught it to Bilal, and Bilal called the Adhan. 'Abdullah said, "I saw it in the dream, and I wanted to do it myself." The Prophet said, "Then you call the Iqamah." [Narrated by Abu Dawud, who remained silent about it]
Ibn 'Abdul-Barr said its chain is Hasan, and Al-Hazi said the same.
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn Zayd, from his father, from his grandfather, that when he saw the Adhan in a dream, the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered Bilal to call the Adhan and then ordered 'Abdullah to call the Iqamah.
It is narrated from 'Abdur-Rahman ibn Sa'd ibn 'Ammar ibn Sa'd, the Mu'adhdhin of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), that he said: My father narrated to me from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordered Bilal to place his two fingers in his ears and said, "It makes your voice louder."
It is narrated from 'Urwah ibn Az-Zubayr, from a woman of Banu Najjar, that she said: "My house was one of the tallest houses around the mosque. Bilal used to call the Adhan for Fajr from it. He would come in the early hours of the morning, sit on the roof, and wait for Fajr. When he saw it, he would stretch and say, 'O Allah, I praise You and seek Your help against Quraysh to establish Your religion.' Then he would call the Adhan. By Allah, I never knew him to miss these words for a single night."
Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: واضح ہو کہ ابتدا میں اذان سے پہلے لوگوں کو نماز کیلئے جمع کرنے کیلئے ”اَلصَّلٰوةُ جَامِعَةٌ“ کے الفاظ سے بلایا جاتا تھا پھر بعد میں اذان شروع ہوئی۔ (مرقات۔)