Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "We entered with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to visit Abu Sayf Al-Qayn, who was the blacksmith of Ibrahim (the Prophet’s son). The Prophet (ﷺ) took Ibrahim, kissed him, and smelled him. Later, we entered again, and Ibrahim was in his final moments. The eyes of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) filled with tears. Abdur Rahman ibn Awf said, 'Even you, O Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'O Ibn Awf, this is mercy.' Then he added, 'The eyes shed tears, and the heart grieves, but we do not say except what pleases our Lord. Indeed, we are saddened by your separation, O Ibrahim.'"
And the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "And give good news to the patient, who, when a calamity strikes them, say, 'Indeed, we belong to Allah, and indeed, to Him we will return.' Upon them are blessings from their Lord and mercy, and it is they who are rightly guided." (Quran 2:155-156). And His saying: "And seek help through patience and prayer, and indeed, it is difficult except for the humble." (Quran 2:45).
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Usamah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The daughter of the Prophet (ﷺ) sent a message to him that her son had passed away and asked him to come. He sent his greetings and said, 'To Allah belongs what He takes, and to Him belongs what He gives. Everything has an appointed time with Him. Be patient and seek reward.' She sent another message, insisting that he come. So he went, accompanied by Sa'd ibn Ubadah, Mu'adh ibn Jabal, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, Zayd ibn Thabit, and other men. When the child was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ), his soul was struggling, and the Prophet’s eyes filled with tears. Sa'd said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is this?' He replied, 'This is mercy that Allah has placed in the hearts of His servants. Indeed, Allah shows mercy only to the merciful among His servants.'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "A member of the Prophet’s (ﷺ) family died, and the women gathered, weeping over him. Umar stood up to stop them and drive them away. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Let them be, O Umar. The eyes shed tears, the heart grieves, and the loss is recent.'"
Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "Sa'd ibn Ubadah fell ill, and the Prophet (ﷺ) visited him, accompanied by Abdur Rahman ibn Awf, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, and Abdullah ibn Mas'ud. When they entered, they found him unconscious. The Prophet (ﷺ) asked, 'Has he passed away?' They replied, 'No, O Messenger of Allah.' The Prophet (ﷺ) wept, and when the people saw him weeping, they also wept. He said, 'Do you not hear? Allah does not punish for the tears of the eyes or the grief of the heart, but He punishes or shows mercy because of this,' and he pointed to his tongue. 'Indeed, the deceased is punished by the wailing of his family over him.'" 1
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Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 1
Indeed, the deceased is punished by the wailing of his family over him.
(1) The statement: "Indeed, the deceased is punished by the wailing of his family over him." In Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar, it is said: "The deceased is only punished by the wailing of his family if he had instructed them to do so." In Radd Al-Muhtar, it is said: "The interpretation of this Hadith is that people at that time used to instruct others to wail, so the Prophet (ﷺ) said this." This is mentioned in Al-Bahr, quoting Az-Zahirah.
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: إن الميت ليعذب ببكاء أهله عليه: وفي الدر المختار»: إنما يعذب الميت ببكاء أهله إذا أوصى بذلك. وقال في رد المحتار»: وتأويل الحديث أنهم في ذلك الزمان كانوا يوصون بالنوح، فقال له ذلك. «بحر» عن «الظهيرية».
Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, 'Whoever is wailed over will be punished on the Day of Resurrection because of the wailing over him.'"
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: مرقات میں لکھا ہے کہ آواز کے ساتھ میت پر رونے کو نوحہ کہتے ہیں یا میت کے ایسے
اوصاف بیان کر کے رونا جو میت میں نہیں ہیں، یا میت کے ایسے اوصاف بیان کرنا جو میت میں تو ہیں
مگر ان کو مبالغہ کے ساتھ بیان کر کے رونا یہ سب نوحہ کہلاتا ہے۔12
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'There is no believer except that he has two gates: a gate through which his deeds ascend, and a gate through which his provision descends. When he dies, they weep over him. This is the meaning of Allah’s saying: "So the heavens and the earth did not weep for them." (Quran 44:29).'"
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'He is not one of us who strikes his cheeks, tears his clothes, and calls out with the calls of the days of ignorance.'"
Imran ibn Husayn and Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with them) reported: "We went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) for a funeral, and he saw some people who had removed their cloaks and were walking in their shirts. He said, 'Are you adopting the practices of ignorance or imitating the ways of ignorance? I was about to supplicate against you in a way that you would return in a different form.' They immediately put on their cloaks and did not repeat it."
Abu Burdah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari fainted, and his wife, Umm Abdullah, began to wail loudly. When he regained consciousness, he said, 'Did you not know?' He then informed her that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said, 'I disassociate myself from those who shave their heads, wail loudly, and tear their clothes.'"
Abu Malik Al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'There are four practices in my Ummah from the days of ignorance that they will not abandon: boasting about lineage, disparaging others' lineage, seeking rain through stars, and wailing (over the dead).' He added, 'The wailing woman, if she does not repent before her death, will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment wearing a garment of tar and a cloak of scabs.'"
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
امت میں بھی وہ باقی رہیں گی:
(1) اپنے حسب پر فخر کرنا (یعنی اپنے اور اپنے آبا و اجداد کی خوبیوں کو اس طرح بیان کرنا کہ
جس سے دوسروں کی حقارت ہو)
(2) دوسروں کے نسب پر طعن کرنا (یعنی اپنے نسب کی بڑائی بیان کر کے دوسروں کے نسب کو
عیب لگا کر ان کے نسب کی تحقیر کرنا)
(3) تیسری بات یہ ہے کہ نجوم (جیسا کہ اشعۃ اللمعات میں مذکور ہے۔12) کے قواعد کے
موافق یہ اعتقاد رکھنا کہ فلاں تارہ فلاں منزل میں آنے سے بارش ہوتی ہے (یہ اعتقاد حرام ہے، ہر
مسلمان کو یہ اعتقاد رکھنا چاہئے کہ تاروں کے لحاظ سے بارش نہیں ہوتی بلکہ اللہ تعالیٰ کے فضل سے
بارش ہوتی ہے، جب اللہ تعالیٰ چاہیں بارش ہوتی ہے) اور جب اللہ تعالیٰ چاہیں بارش نہیں ہوتی اور
(4) چوتھی بات یہ ہے کہ میت پر نوحہ کرنا نوحہ کرنے والی عورت اگر مرنے سے پہلے توبہ نہ
کر لے (تو چونکہ وہ کپڑے پھاڑتی تھی اور منہ نوچتی تھی) تو اس کے مناسب قیامت میں اس پر یہ
عذاب مسلط کیا جائے گا کہ ڈانبر کے مثل لباس پہنایا جائے گا (تاکہ دوزخ کی آگ اس پر بہت
زیادہ اثر کرے) اور مثل پیراہن کے ناقابل برداشت کھجلی اور خارش اس کے تمام جسم پر مسلط کی
جائے گی۔ اس کی روایت مسلم نے کی ہے۔
Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: "When Abu Salamah died, I said, 'He was a stranger, and he died in a strange land. I will weep for him in a way that will be talked about.' I prepared myself to weep for him, but a woman from the countryside came to console me. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) met her and said, 'Do you want to bring Satan into a house from which Allah has expelled him twice?' So I refrained from weeping and did not cry."
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "When Zainab, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), died, the women wept. Umar began to strike them with his whip, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stopped him with his hand and said, 'Gently, O Umar.' Then he said, 'Beware of the shrieks of Satan.' He added, 'Whatever comes from the eyes and the heart is from Allah, the Almighty, and is a mercy. But whatever comes from the hands and tongue is from Satan.'"
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Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
Prohibited following.
(1) The statement: "Prohibited following." In Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar, it is said: "It is disliked (Makruh Tahrimi) for women to go out (to funerals), and the wailing woman should be reprimanded. However, the funeral should not be abandoned because of her." In Radd Al-Muhtar, it is said, quoting Abu As-Su'ud: "The apparent meaning is that following her refers to walking with her in general, not specifically walking behind her. Rather, one should avoid walking behind her if she is wailing, as mentioned in Al-Ikhtiyar. This reconciles the matter."
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: أن تتبع: وفي الدر المختار»: ويكره خروجهن تحريمها، وتزجر النائحة، ولا يترك اتباعها لأجلها. وقال في رد المحتار» ناقلا عن أبي السعود والظاهر أن المراد باتباعها المشي معها مطلقا، لا خصوص المشي خلفها، بل يترك المشي خلفها إذا كانت النائحة؛ لما مر عن الاختيار»، وبه يحصل التوفيق.
Note 1
ف: درمختار میں لکھا ہے کہ عورتوں کا جنازہ کے ساتھ جانا مکروہ تحریمی ہے، خاص کر نوحہ کرنے
والی اور پکار کر رونے والی عورتوں کو ⟦?⟧ سے روک دیا جائے اور مردوں کو جنازہ کے پیچھے چلنا چاہئے، اگر
عورتیں جنازہ کے ساتھ ہوں تو مردوں کو عورتوں کی وجہ سے جنازہ کے ساتھ چلنا ترک نہیں کرنا چاہئے
بلکہ جنازہ کے آگے آگے چلنا چاہئے۔12
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Prophet (ﷺ) passed by a woman weeping at a grave and said, 'Fear Allah and be patient.' She replied, 'Leave me, for you have not suffered my loss and did not know him.' She was told, 'This is the Prophet (ﷺ).' She then went to the Prophet’s door but found no doorkeepers. She said, 'I did not recognize you.' He replied, 'Patience is only at the first shock.'"
Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: "O son of Adam, if you are patient and seek reward at the first shock, I will not be pleased with any reward for you less than Paradise."'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'No Muslim loses three of his children and enters Hell, except to fulfill an oath.'"
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: جس آیت میں دوزخ پر سے گزرنے کا ذکر ہے وہ آیت یہ ہے: ”وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا
وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلٰى رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَقْضِيًّا“۔
(سورہ مریم، پ:16، ع:5، آیت نمبر:71) اور اے اولاد آدم تم میں سے کوئی بشر ایسا
نہیں جو جہنم پر سے ہو کر نہ گزرے، یعنی ہر انسان پل صراط پر سے جو دوزخ پر رکھی گئی ہے ضرور گزرے
گا، یہ ایک قطعی اور فیصل شدہ وعدہ ہے جس کا پورا کرنا تمہارے پروردگار نے اپنے اوپر لازم کر لیا ہے،
اس آیت کا عطف اس سے پہلے کی آیت ”فَوَ رَبِّكَ لَنَحْشُرَنَّهُمْ“ (سورہ مریم، پ:16،
ع:5، آیت نمبر:68) پر ہے، اس لئے یہ آیت بھی پہلے کی آیت کے قسم کے تحت میں ہے، گویا اس
آیت کے پہلے قسم کے الفاظ ”فَوَ رَبِّكَ“ محذوف ہیں، اس لئے یہ آیت بھی قسم کی آیت ہے۔
(مرقات)12
Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, the men have taken your teachings, so appoint a day for us to come to you, and teach us what Allah has taught you.' He said, 'Gather on such-and-such a day in such-and-such a place.' They gathered, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to them and taught them what Allah had taught him. Then he said, 'No woman among you loses three of her children except that they will be a shield for her from the Fire.' A woman among them asked, 'What about two?' He repeated it twice, then said, 'And two, and two, and two.'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to some women of the Ansar, 'No woman among you loses three of her children and seeks reward for it except that she will enter Paradise.' A woman among them asked, 'What about two?' He said, 'And two.'" [Narrated by Muslim]
In another narration by both: "Three who did not reach the age of accountability."
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
(اس روایت میں نابالغ کی قید ضروری نہیں ہے بلکہ جس روایت میں حضور نے عورتوں سے یہ
فرمایا تھا کہ جس عورت کے تین نابالغ بچے فوت ہو جائیں وہ جنت میں داخل ہوگی، اس وقت وہاں
ایسی ہی عورتیں موجود تھیں کہ جن کے نابالغ بچے فوت ہوئے تھے تو حضور نے ان کی تسکین اور تسلی
کے لئے نابالغ کا ذکر فرمایا ہے، اس سے معلوم ہوا کہ نابالغ کی یہ قید ضروری نہیں بلکہ اتفاقی ہے، اس
لئے فوت شدہ بچے بالغ ہوں یا نابالغ سب کا یہی حکم ہے۔ (مرقات)12
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever loses three children who did not reach the age of accountability, they will be a strong fortress for him against the Fire.' Abu Dharr said, 'What about two?' He said, 'And two.' Ubayy ibn Ka'b, the master of the reciters, said, 'What about one?' He said, 'And one.'"
Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'No two Muslims lose three children except that Allah will admit them to Paradise by His mercy.' They asked, 'What about two?' He said, 'And two.' They asked, 'What about one?' He said, 'And one.' Then he said, 'By the One in whose hand is my soul, even a miscarried fetus will drag its mother by its umbilical cord to Paradise if she seeks reward for it.'" [Narrated by Ahmad]
Ibn Majah narrated from his statement: "By the One in whose hand is my soul."
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'Indeed, a miscarried child will plead with its Lord if its parents are admitted to Hell. It will be said, "O miscarried child who pleads with its Lord, admit your parents to Paradise." So it will drag them by its umbilical cord until it admits them to Paradise.'"
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever has two children from my Ummah (who die), Allah will admit him to Paradise because of them.' Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) asked, 'What about one child from your Ummah?' He said, 'And one child, O fortunate one.' She asked, 'What about someone who has no child from your Ummah?' He replied, 'I am the child of my Ummah; they will never suffer a loss like me.'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "A man said to him, 'My son died, and I am deeply saddened. Have you heard anything from your beloved (the Prophet (ﷺ)) that could comfort us regarding our deceased?' He replied, 'Yes, I heard him say, "The young children of the believers are the butterflies of Paradise. One of them will meet his father and take hold of his garment, and he will not let go until he admits him to Paradise."'"
Qurrah Al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "A man used to come to the Prophet (ﷺ) with his son. The Prophet (ﷺ) asked him, 'Do you love him?' He replied, 'O Messenger of Allah, may Allah love you as I love him.' Later, the Prophet (ﷺ) noticed his absence and asked, 'What happened to so-and-so's son?' They said, 'O Messenger of Allah, he died.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Would you not love to find him waiting for you at every gate of Paradise?' A man asked, 'Is this specific to him or for all of us?' He replied, 'For all of you.'"
Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'When the child of a servant dies, Allah says to His angels, "Have you taken the child of My servant?" They reply, "Yes." He asks, "Have you taken the fruit of his heart?" They reply, "Yes." He asks, "What did My servant say?" They reply, "He praised You and said, 'To Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return.'" Allah says, "Build a house for My servant in Paradise and call it the House of Praise."'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'Allah says, "I have no reward for My believing servant when I take away his beloved from the world and he seeks reward for it except Paradise."'"
Al-Husayn ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'No Muslim man or woman is afflicted with a calamity and remembers it, even if a long time has passed, and says, "To Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return," except that Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, renews their reward as on the day they were afflicted.'"
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, 'When the candle of one of you goes out, let him say, "To Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return," for it is among the calamities.'"
Umm Ad-Darda (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: "I heard Abu Ad-Darda say, 'I heard Abu Al-Qasim (the Prophet (ﷺ)) say, "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said, 'O Isa, I will send after you a nation who, when they are given what they love, praise Me, and when they are afflicted with what they dislike, they seek reward and are patient. They have no wisdom or understanding.' Isa asked, 'O Lord, how can this be for them without wisdom or understanding?' Allah replied, 'I will grant them from My wisdom and knowledge.'"'"
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Note 1
(1) The statement: "Indeed, the deceased is punished by the wailing of his family over him." In Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar, it is said: "The deceased is only punished by the wailing of his family if he had instructed them to do so." In Radd Al-Muhtar, it is said: "The interpretation of this Hadith is that people at that time used to instruct others to wail, so the Prophet (ﷺ) said this." This is mentioned in Al-Bahr, quoting Az-Zahirah.
Note 1
(۱) قوله: إن الميت ليعذب ببكاء أهله عليه: وفي الدر المختار»: إنما يعذب الميت ببكاء أهله إذا أوصى بذلك. وقال في رد المحتار»: وتأويل الحديث أنهم في ذلك الزمان كانوا يوصون بالنوح، فقال له ذلك. «بحر» عن «الظهيرية».