Abu Nawfal Muawiyah ibn Muslim narrated: I saw Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr at the pass of
1 Madinah, and Quraysh and people passed by him until Abdullah ibn Umar passed and stopped by him, saying: “Peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb, peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb, peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb. By Allah, I had
2 forbidden you from this, by Allah, I had forbidden you from this, by Allah, I had forbidden you from this. By Allah, as far as I know, you were
3 one who fasted much, stood in prayer much, and maintained family ties. By Allah, a nation whose worst is you is a wretched
4 nation.” In another narration: “a virtuous nation.” Then Abdullah ibn Umar moved on. Al-Hajjaj was informed of Abdullah’s stance and words, so he sent
5 for him, and he was taken down from his trunk and cast into the graves of the Jews. Then he sent for his mother, Asma bint Abi Bakr, but she refused to come. He sent a messenger again, saying: “You will come to me, or I will send someone to drag you by your braids.” She refused and said: “By Allah, I will not come to you until you send someone to drag me by my braids.” He said: “Show me
6 my sandals.” He took his sandals, then set off hurriedly until he entered upon her, saying: “How did you see me deal with the enemy of Allah?” She said: “I saw you ruin his worldly life, and he ruined your Hereafter. I heard you call him ‘O son
7 of Dhatt an-Nitaqayn.’ By Allah, I am Dhatt an-Nitaqayn. One of them I used to raise the food of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr from the animals, and the other is the woman’s waistband, which she cannot do without. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told us that in Thaqif there would be a liar and a destroyer. As for the liar, we have seen him; as for the destroyer, I think it is none but you.” He stood and left without responding to her.
Commentary and footnotes (5)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) His statement “and mention of the tribes”: conjoined to “virtues,” meaning their mention encompasses both praise and censure. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
Note 1
(1) His statement “The people are followers”: “followers” with two fathahs, plural of follower, like servants, plural of servant. It means all people follow Quraysh in this affair, i.e., in matters of religion. This is supported by his statement: “their Muslims follow their Muslims, etc.” Thus, when Allah sent him, most Arabs said: “Let us see what his people do.” When Makkah was conquered and Quraysh embraced Islam, the Arabs followed them, entering Allah’s religion in droves. Hence, the caliphate of prophethood remained with Quraysh. I say: This implies that people do not shy away from following Quraysh, and their disposition is naturally inclined to follow them. Thus, the matter of the caliphate should not depart from them, lest it lead to opposition. (As stated in Al-Mirqat) For this reason, it is said in Sharh al-Aqa’id an-Nasafiyyah: The imam must be from Quraysh, and it is not permissible from others.
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱) قوله: وذكر القبائل : عطف على المناقب، والمراد بذكرهم أعم من مدحهم وذمهم. كذا في «المرقاة».
Note 1
(۱) قوله: الناس تبع بفتحتين جمع تابع كخدم جمع خادم، أي الناس كلهم تابعون لقريش في هذا الشأن، أي في الدين، ويؤيد هذا المعنى قوله: «مسلمهم تبع لمسلمهم إلخ لذلك لما بعث الله قال عامة العرب: ينظر ما يصنع قومه، فلما فتح مكة وأسلمت قريش تبعهم العرب، ودخلوا في دين الله أفواجا، ولهذا استمرت خلافة النبوة في قريش. أقول: وفيه إشعار بأن الخلق لا يأنفون عن متابعة القريش، وأن قابلية المتبوعية مجبولة في جبلتهم، فينبغي أن لا يخرج عنهم أمر الخلافة؛ لئلا يترتب عليه المخالفة. قاله في المرقاة». ولذلك قال في شرح العقائد النسفية»: ويكون الإمام من قريش، ولا يجوز من غيرهم.
Note 1
(2) قوله: الناس تبع۔ تا اور با دونوں کو فتح ہے۔ تابع کی جمع ہے جیسے خادم کی جمع خدم ہے یعنی سارے لوگ اس معاملہ میں یعنی دین کے معاملہ میں قریش کے تابع ہیں اور اس مفہوم و معنی کی تائید مسلمهم تبع لمسلمهم الخ کی عبارت سے ہوتی ہے۔ اسی لئے جب آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم مبعوث ہوئے تو فرمایا: عامۃ العرب اس بات کو دیکھ رہے ہیں کہ آپ کی قوم قریش کیا کرے گی اور جب مکہ فتح ہوا اور قریش مسلمان ہوگئے تو عرب ان کی اتباع کئے اور جماعت در جماعت دین میں داخل ہوگئے۔ اسی لئے نبوت کے بعد خلافت قریش میں جاری رہی۔ میں کہتا ہوں کہ اس میں اس بات کا اعلان ہے کہ لوگ قریش کی پیروی کرنے کو اپنی عزت کے خلاف نہیں سمجھیں گے۔ کیونکہ قریش میں پیدائشی اور قدرتی طور پر سرداری کی قابلیت ودیعت ہے اسی لئے مناسب یہی ہے کہ امر خلافت ان ہی میں رہے ان سے کسی طرف نہ نکلے تاکہ مخالفت نہ ہو۔ یہ بات صاحب مرقات نے لکھا ہے اور اسی لئے صاحب شرح عقائد نسفیہ نے کہا ہے امام قریش میں سے ہوگا غیر قریش میں سے امام کا ہونا جائز نہیں ہے۔