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Foods · Chapter 1

Opening narrations

76 narrations · In source reading order

Hadith 4059

Volume 3

English

Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I read in the Torah that the blessing of food is wudu after it. 1 I mentioned this to the Prophet (ﷺ), and he said: “The blessing of food is wudu before it and wudu after it.”

Qur’an-related source paragraphs

And the saying of Allah Almighty: O you who have believed, eat from the good things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allah if it is [indeed] Him that you worship (Qur’an 2:172).

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Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

The blessing of food is wudu, etc.

(1) The statement: “The blessing of food is wudu, etc.”: This refers to washing the hands, using “wudu” metaphorically for part of it or based on its linguistic and customary meaning, per “Al-Mirqat.” In “Al-Alamgiriyyah,” the Sunnah is to wash hands before and after eating. The etiquette is to start with the young before the elders before eating, and the reverse after eating, per “Al-Zahiriyyah.” Najm al-A’immah al-Bukhari and others said: Washing one hand or fingers does not suffice for the Sunnah of washing hands before eating; it must be up to the wrists, per “Al-Qunyah.” One should not wipe hands with a cloth before eating to retain the effect of washing, but wipe them after to remove food traces, per “Khazanat al-Muftin.” In “Al-Yatimah,” my father was asked about rinsing the mouth when eating, whether it is a Sunnah like washing hands. He said: No, per “Al-Tatarkhaniyyah.” It is disliked for a person in a state of major impurity, man or woman, to eat or drink before washing hands and mouth, but not for a menstruating woman. Purifying the mouth is recommended in all cases, per “Fatawa Qadi Khan.”

Note 1

قوله

(١)قوله: بركة الطعام الوضوء قبله والوضوء بعده: أي غسل اليدين إطلاقا للكل على الجزء مجازا أو بناء على المعنىاللغوي والعرفي. قاله في (المرقاة). وقال في (العالمكيرية): والسنة غسل الأيدي قبل الطعام وبعده، وآداب غسلالأيدي قبل الطعام أن يبدأ بالشبان، ثم بالشيوخ، وبعد الطعام على العكس. كذا في (الظهيرية). قال نجم الأئمةالبخاري وغيره: غسل اليد الواحدة أو أصابع اليدين لا يكفي لسنة غسل اليدين قبل الطعام؛ لأن المذكور غسلاليدين، وذلك إلى الرسغ. كذا في (القنية). ولا يمسح يده قبل الطعام بالمنديل؛ ليكون أثر الغسل باقيا وقت الأكل،ويمسحها بعده؛ ليزول أثر الطعام بالكلية. كذا في (خزانة المفتين). وفي (اليتيمة): سئل والدي عن غسل الفم عندالأكل، هل هو سنة كغسل اليد؟ فقال: لا. كذا في (التتارخانية) ويكره للجنب رجلًا كان أو امرأة أن يأكل طعاما أويشرب قبل غسل اليدين والفم، ولا يكره ذلك للحائض، والمستحب تطهير الفم في جميع المواضع. كذا في (فتاوىقاضي خان).

Hadith 4060

Volume 3

English

Abdullah ibn al-Harith ibn Jaz’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Bread and meat were brought to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in the mosque. He ate, 2 and we ate with him. Then he stood to pray, and we prayed with him, without doing more than wiping our hands with pebbles. 3
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Commentary and footnotes (4)

Note 2

In the mosque, he ate, etc.

(2) The statement: “In the mosque, he ate, etc.”: Perhaps he was in i’tikaf, had guests, or did so to show permissibility, as it is allowed unless the mosque is defiled, per “Al-Mirqat.”

Note 3

Without doing more than wiping our hands with pebbles

(3) The statement: “Without doing more than wiping our hands with pebbles”: Some of our scholars said wudu is recommended before and after eating only if the hands are soiled and produce odor, per “Al-Mirqat.”

Note 2

قوله

(٢) قوله: وهو في المسجد، فأكل وأكلنا معه: ولعله كان معتكفا أو عنده أضياف أو فعله لبيان الجواز؛ فإنه مباح ما لميتلوث المسجد. كذا في (المرقاة).

Note 3

قوله

(٣) قوله: ولم نزد على أن مسحنا أيدينا بالحصباء: وقال في (المرقاة): قال بعض علمائنا من الشراح: الإتيان بالوضوءعند التناول والفراغ إنما يستحب في طعام تتلوث عنه اليد ويتولد منه الوضر.

Hadith 4061

Volume 3

English

Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) came out of the privy, and food was brought to him. They said: “Shall we bring you water for wudu?” He said: “I was only commanded to perform wudu when I rise for prayer.”
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Hadith 4062

Volume 3

English

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever sleeps with the smell of food on his hand and something afflicts him, let him blame only himself.”
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Hadith 4063

Volume 3

English

Umar ibn Abi Salamah narrated: I was a boy in the care of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and my hand would wander in the dish. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: “Mention Allah’s name, 1 eat with your right hand, 2 and eat from what is near you.” 3 [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim] Muhammad said in “Al-Muwatta”: We adopt this; one should not eat or drink with the left hand except due to an ailment.
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Commentary and footnotes (6)

Note 1

Mention Allah’s name, etc.

(1) The statement: “Mention Allah’s name, etc.”: The majority of scholars hold that the three commands in this hadith are recommended. Some said eating with the right hand is obligatory. Al-Nawawi said: The recommendation of saying Bismillah at the start of eating is agreed upon, as is praising Allah at the end. Scholars said it is recommended to say Bismillah audibly to remind others. If one omits it intentionally, forgetfully, ignorantly, coerced, or unable due to a temporary issue but remembers during eating, it is recommended to say it. Saying Bismillah suffices, but adding “ar-Rahman ar-Rahim” is good. Each eater should say it. Al-Shafi’i said if one person says it, it suffices. Saying Bismillah for drinking water, milk, honey, broth, medicine, or other drinks is like saying it for food, per “Al-Mirqat” and “Umdat al-Qari.” In “Al-Durr al-Mukhtar” and “Radd al-Muhtar”: The Sunnah of eating is Bismillah at the start and Alhamdulillah at the end. If one forgets Bismillah, say: “Bismillah at its start and end,” which is the preferred Sunnah. Raise your voice with Bismillah to teach others, but not with Alhamdulillah unless they have finished eating, per “Al-Tatarkhaniyyah.” Say Bismillah only if the food is lawful; praise Allah at the end regardless, per “Al-Qunyah.”

Note 2

Eat with your right hand

(2) The statement: “Eat with your right hand”: In “Umdat al-Qari,” Shaykh Zayn al-Din said most of our scholars interpret eating with the right hand and from what is near as recommended, as stated by al-Ghazali and al-Nawawi. Al-Shafi’i in “Al-Umm” said it is obligatory. Al-Qurtubi said eating with the right hand is recommended, as it honors the right hand, which is stronger, more capable, and derived from blessing (yumn). A hadith in Abu Dawud states: “Use your right hand for food and drink, and your left for other things.” If the left hand is needed, it is secondary.

Note 3

Eat from what is near you

(3) The statement: “Eat from what is near you”: Al-Qurtubi said eating from what is near is an agreed-upon Sunnah; doing otherwise is strongly disliked if the food is one type, per “Umdat al-Qari.” In “Radd al-Muhtar,” it is Sunnah not to eat from the middle of the dish, as blessing descends there, and to eat from one spot if it is one type of food. If the dish contains various fruits, one may eat from anywhere, as they are different types.

Note 1

قوله

(١)قوله: سم اللّٰه إلخ: ذهب جمهور العلماء إلى أن الأوامر الثلاثة في هذا الحديث للندب، وذهب بعضهم إلى أن الأمربالأكل باليمين للوجوب، قال النووي: استحباب التسمية في ابتداء الطعام مجمع عليه، وكذا يستحب حمد اللّٰه في آخره. قالالعلماء: يستحب أن يجهر بالتسمية؛ لينبه غيره، فإن تركها عامدا أو ناسيا أو جاهلا أو مكرها أو عاجز العارض، ثم تمكن فيأثناء أكله يستحب له أن يسمي، وتحصل التسمية بقوله: بسم الله، فإن أتبعها بالرحمن الرحيم كان حسنا، ويسمي كل واحمن الآكلين. وقال الشافعي: فإن سمى واحد منهم حصلت التسمية، والتسمية في شرب الماء واللبن والعسل والمرقوالدواء وسائر المشروبات كالتسمية على الطعام، (المرقاة) و(عمدة القاري) ملتقط منهما. قال في (الدر المختار) و(ردالمحتار): سنة الأكل البسملة أوله والحمدلة آخره، فإن نسي البسملة فليقل: بسم اللّٰه على أوله وآخره سنة اختيار وإذا قلتباسم اللٰه فارفع صوتك حتى تلقن من معك، ولا يرفع بالحمد إلا أن يكونوا فرغوا من الأكل،(التتارخانية). وإنما يسميإذا كان الطعام حلالا، ويحمد في آخره كيفما كان،(قنية)ط.

Note 2

قوله

(٢) قوله: وكل بيمينك: قال في (عمدة القاري). وقال شيخنا زين الدين: الأمر بالأكل مما يليه، والأكل باليمين حملهأكثر أصحابنا على الندب، وبه صرح الغزالي والنووي. وقد نص الشافعي في (الأم) على وجوبه، وزعم القرطبي أنالأكل باليمين محمول على الندب، ولأنه من باب تشريف اليمين، ولأنها أقوى في الأعمال وأسبق وأمكن، ولأنهامشتقة من اليمن والبركة، وفي حديث أبي داود: (يجعل يمينه لطعامه وشرابه، وشماله لما سوى ذلك)، فإن احتيج إلىالاستعانة بالشمال فبحكم التبعية.

Note 3

قوله

(٣) قوله: وكل مما يليك: قال في (عمدة القاري): وذكر القرطبي أن الأكل مما يلي الآكل سنة متفق عليها، وخلافهامكروه شديد الاستقباح، إذا كان الطعام واحدا اه. وقال في (رد المحتار): ومن السنة أن لا يأكل من وسطالقصعة، فإن البركة تنزل في وسطها، وأن يأكل من موضع واحد؛ لأنه طعام واحد، بخلاف طبق فيه ألوان الثمار؛ فإنهيأكل من حيث شاء؛ لأنه ألوان.

Hadith 4064

Volume 3

English

Hudhayfah narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “The devil considers food lawful 1 if Allah’s name is not mentioned over it.”
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Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

The devil considers food lawful, etc.

(1) The statement: “The devil considers food lawful, etc.”: Al-Nawawi said the correct view, held by most early and later scholars among hadith experts, jurists, and theologians, is that this hadith and similar ones about the devil eating are taken literally. The devil eats in reality, as reason does not negate it, and the Shariah affirms it, so it must be accepted.

Note 1

قوله

(١)قوله: إن الشيطان يستحل الطعام إلخ: قال النووي: الصواب الذي عليه جماهير العلماء من السلف والخلف منالمحدثين والفقهاء والمتكلمين أن هذا الحديث وشبهه من الأحاديث الواردة في أكل الشيطان محمولة على ظواهرها،وإن الشيطان يأكل حقيقة؛ إذ العقل لا يحيله، والشرع لم ينكره، بل أثبته، فوجب قبوله واعتقاده.

Hadith 4065

Volume 3

English

Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: When we ate with the Prophet (ﷺ), we did not place our hands until he started. Once, we were eating with him, and a girl came as if pushed, reaching for the food. The Prophet (ﷺ) took her hand. Then a Bedouin came as if pushed, and he took his hand. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The devil considers food lawful if Allah’s name is not mentioned over it. He brought this girl to make it lawful through her, so I took her hand. He brought this Bedouin to make it lawful through him, so I took his hand. By the One in Whose hand is my soul, his hand is in mine with hers.” In another narration: “Then he mentioned Allah’s name and ate.”
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Hadith 4066

Volume 3

English

Abu Ayyub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: We were with the Prophet (ﷺ) one day, and food was brought. I never saw food with greater blessing at the start or less at the end. We said: “O Messenger of Allah, how is this?” He said: “Because we mentioned Allah’s name when we ate, but then someone who did not mention it sat and ate, so the devil ate with him.”

Hadith 4067

Volume 3

English

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When a man enters his house and mentions Allah upon entering and eating, the devil says: ‘You have no lodging or dinner.’ If he enters without mentioning Allah, the devil says: ‘You have lodging.’ If he does not mention Allah when eating, the devil says: ‘You have lodging and dinner.’”
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Hadith 4068

Volume 3

English

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “If one of you eats and forgets to mention Allah over his food, 1 let him say: ‘Bismillah at its start and end.’”
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Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

Forgets to mention Allah over his food, etc.

(1) The statement: “Forgets to mention Allah over his food, etc.”: This implies that any mention of Allah at the start of eating suffices, but Bismillah is best. In “Al-Muhit,” saying “La ilaha illa Allah,” “Alhamdulillah,” or “Ashhadu an la ilaha illa Allah” fulfills the Sunnah at the start of wudu, and similarly for eating, as Bismillah is more emphasized in wudu. Ibn al-Humam said: If one forgets Bismillah during wudu and says it later, the Sunnah is not fulfilled, unlike eating, where it applies to the remaining food, not retroactively, per “Al-Ghayah” and “Al-Mirqat.”

Note 1

قوله

(١)قوله: فنسي أن يذكر اللّٰه على طعامه إلخ: وفيه إشعار بأن مطلق الذكر لله كافٍ في ابتداء الأكل، ولكن البسملةأفضل، ففي (المحيط): لو قال: لا إله إلا اللّه أو الحمد لله أو أشهد أن لا إله إلا اللّٰه يصير مقيما للسنة في أول الوضوء.فكذا في أول الأكل؛ لأن التسمية في أول الوضوء آكد اه. وقال ابن الهمام: نسي التسمية فذكرها في خلال الوضوءفسمى لا تحصل السنة بخلاف نحوه في الأكل. كذا في (الغاية) معللا بأن الوضوء عمل واحد بخلاف الأكل، وهوإنما يستلزم في الأكل تحصيل السنة في الباقي لا استدراك ما فات اه. كذا في (المرقاة).

Hadith 4069

Volume 3

English

Umayyah ibn Makhshi narrated: A man was eating without saying Bismillah until only one morsel remained. When he raised it to his mouth, he said: “Bismillah at its start and end.” The Prophet (ﷺ) laughed and said: “The devil was eating with him, but when he mentioned Allah’s name, he vomited what was in his stomach.”
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Hadith 4070

Volume 3

English

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Let none of you eat or drink with his left hand, for the devil eats and drinks with his left.”
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Hadith 4071

Volume 3

English

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When one of you eats, let him eat with his right hand, and when he drinks, let him drink with his right hand.” [Narrated by Muslim] Muhammad said in “Al-Muwatta”: We adopt this; one should not eat or drink with the left hand except due to an ailment.
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Commentary and footnotes (1)

Note 1

امام محمد نے موطا میں کہا کہ ہم اسی کو اختیار کرتے ہیں کہ کسی کیلئے اپنے بائیں ہاتھ سے کھانا اور اس سے پینا مناسب نہیں ہے سوائے کسی عذر کی وجہ سے۔

Hadith 4072

Volume 3

English

Ka’b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ate with three fingers and licked his hand before wiping it. 2
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Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 2

Eat with three fingers and lick his hand, etc.

(2) The statement: “Eat with three fingers and lick his hand, etc.”: This has several points. First, licking the fingers is recommended to keep them clean and avoid arrogance, interpreted as recommended by the majority, though Zahiris hold it obligatory. Al-Khattabi said some criticized licking fingers due to indulgence, claiming it is unbecoming or impure, not realizing the food on the fingers is part of what was eaten, so only the arrogant or indulgent avoid it, abandoning the Sunnah. Second, the wisdom in licking fingers is in a hadith by Abu Hurayrah, narrated by al-Tirmidhi: “When one of you eats, let him lick his fingers, for he does not know in which part of his food the blessing lies,” also narrated by Muslim. This means the blessing may be in what was eaten, remains on the fingers, or in the dish, so one licks the hand and wipes the dish seeking blessing. Blessing, Allah knows best, refers to nourishment, safety from harm, and strength for obedience, per al-Nawawi. Third, one should start licking the middle finger, then the index, then the thumb, per Ka’b ibn Ujrah’s hadith, narrated by al-Tabarani in “Al-Awsat.” Fourth, the Sunnah is to eat with three fingers; eating with all five is not prohibited but abandons the Sunnah unless necessary. Fifth, licking the dish is recommended, per al-Tabarani from al-Arbad ibn Sariyah: “Whoever licks the dish and his fingers, Allah will satisfy him in this world and the Hereafter.” Al-Tirmidhi narrated the dish seeking forgiveness. Sixth, the dish seeking forgiveness may mean Allah grants it discernment or speech to seek forgiveness, saying: “May Allah protect you as you protected me from the devil,” or it may be metaphorical, per “Umdat al-Qari.”

Note 2

قوله

(٢) قوله: يأكل بثلاثة أصابع ويلعق يده إلخ: والكلام في هذا الباب على أنواع، الأول: أن نفس اللعق مستحب محافظةعلى تنظيفها ودفعا للكبر، والأمر فيه محمول على الندب والإرشاد عند الجمهور، وحمله أهل الظاهر على الوجوب.وقال الخطابي: قد عاب قوم لعق الأصابع؛ لأن الترفه أفسد عقولهم وغيّر طباعهم الشبع والتخمة، وزعموا أن لعقالأصابع مستقبح أو مستقذر، أو لم يعلموا أن الذي على أصابعه جزء من الذي أكله، فلا يتحاشى منه إلا متكبرومترفه وتارك للسنة، الثاني: أن من الحكمة في لعق الأصابع ما ذكره في حديث أبي هريرة أخرجه الترمذي قال: قالرسول اللّٰه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم :(إذا أكل أحدكم فليلعق أصابعه؛ فإنه لا يدري في أيّ طعامه البركة). وأخرجه مسلم وغيره أيضًا،يعني فيما أكل أو فيما بقي على أصابعه أو فيما بقي في الإناء، فيلعق يده ويمسح الإناء رجاء حصول البركة. والمرادبالبركة - والله أعلم - ما يحصل به التغذية وتسلم عاقبته من أذى، ويقوي على طاعة اللّٰه تعالى وغير ذلك. وقالالنووي: وأصل البركة الزيادة وثبوت الخير. الثالث: أنه ينبغي في لعق الأصابع الابتداء بالوسطى ثم السبابة ثم الإبهام، كما جاء في حديث كعب بن عُجرة،ورواه الطبراني في (الأوسط). الرابع: أن السنة أن يأكل بالأصابع الثلاث وان أكل بالخمس فلا يمنع، ولكنه يكونتاركا للسنة إلا عند الضرورة. الخامس: أنه ورد أيضًا استحباب لعق الصحفة أيضًا على ما روى الطبراني من حديثالعرباض بن سارية، قال: قال رسول اللّٰه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم :(من لعق الصحفة من أصابعه أشبعه اللّٰه في الدنيا والآخرة). وروىالترمذي استغفار القصعة. السادس: ما المراد باستغفار القصعة؟ يحتمل أن اللّٰه تعالى يخلق فيها تمييزا أو نطقا تطلب بهالمغفرة. وقد ورد في بعض الآثار أنها تقول: أجارك اللّٰه كما أجرتني من الشيطان، ولا مانع من الحقيقة، ويحتمل أنيكون ذلك مجازا كنى به. ملتقط من (عمدة القاري).

Hadith 4073

Volume 3

English

Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “When one of you eats, let him not wipe his hand until he licks it or has it licked.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5456 (unverified) 99% confidence
  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2031a (unverified) 97% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4074

Volume 3

English

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered licking the fingers and the dish, saying: “You do not know in which part the blessing lies.”
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  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2033a (unverified) 98% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4075

Volume 3

English

Nubayshah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever eats from a dish and licks it, the dish seeks forgiveness for him.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 1804 (unverified) 95% confidence
  • Candidate: Sunan Ibn Majah 3271 (unverified) 88% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4077

Volume 3

English

Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) was brought a dish of tharid and said: “Eat from its sides and not from its center, for blessing descends in its center.” [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, and al-Darimi; al-Tirmidhi said: This is a hasan sahih hadith.] In Abu Dawud’s narration: “When one of you eats, let him not eat from the top of the dish but from its bottom, for blessing descends from its top.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 1805 (unverified) 97% confidence
  • Candidate: Sunan Ibn Majah 3277 (unverified) 94% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4078

Volume 3

English

Ikrash ibn Dhu’ayb narrated: We were brought a large bowl of tharid and meat, and we began eating. I reached around its sides, while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ate from in front of him. He took my right hand with his left and said: “O Ikrash, eat from one place, for it is one type of food.” Then we were brought a plate with various fresh dates, and I ate from in front of me, while the Prophet’s hand moved around the plate. He said: “O Ikrash, eat from wherever you wish, 1 for it is not one type.” Then water was brought, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) washed his hands, wiped his face, forearms, and head with the moisture, and said: “O Ikrash, this is the wudu 2 for what the fire has touched.” [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi] Bukhari narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): He was asked about wudu for food touched by fire. He said: “No, during the Prophet’s time, we rarely found such food. When we did, we had no napkins except our palms, forearms, and feet, and we prayed without wudu.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Jami al-Tirmidhi 1848 (unverified) 96% confidence

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Commentary and footnotes (4)

Note 1

Eat from wherever you wish, etc.

(1) The statement: “Eat from wherever you wish, etc.”: Ibn al-Malik said: This indicates that for fruit of one type, one should not reach around as with food, but if the food has various types, one may reach and eat any type desired, per “Al-Mirqat.”

Note 2

This is the wudu

(2) The statement: “This is the wudu”: This refers to customary wudu, meaning washing hands for food cooked with fire. Legal wudu was required early in Islam but was abrogated by such hadiths, per “Al-Mirqat” and “Al-Kawkab al-Durri.”

Note 1

قوله

(١) قوله: كل من حيث شئت إلخ: قال ابن الملك: فيه تنبيه على أن الفاكهة إذا كان لونها واحدا لا يجوز أن يخبط بيدهكالطعام، وعلى أن الطعام إذا كان ذا ألوان يجوز أن يخبط ويأكل من أيِّ نوع يريده. كذا في (المرقاة).

Note 2

قوله

(٢) قوله: هذا الوضوء: أي العرفي، يعني غَسل اليدين مما غيَّرت النار أي لأجل طعام طبخ بالنار، وأما الوضوءالشرعي فكان في ابتداء الإسلام، ثم نسخ بمثل هذه الأحاديث. التقطته من (المرقاة) و (الكوكب الدري).

Hadith 4079

Volume 3

English

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: “The devil attends you in everything, even your food. If a morsel falls from one of you, 1 let him remove any dirt and eat it, not leaving it for the devil. When finished, let him lick his fingers, for he does not know in which part of his food the blessing lies.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2033d (unverified) 96% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

If a morsel falls, etc.

(1) The statement: “If a morsel falls, etc.”: In “Radd al-Muhtar,” it is Sunnah not to leave a fallen morsel, as it is wasteful; one should start with it.

Note 1

قوله

(١)قوله: فإذ سقطت من أحدكم اللقمة إلخ: قال في (رد المحتار): ومن السنة أن لا يترك لقمة سقطت من يده؛ فإنهإسراف، بل ينبغي أن يبتدئ بها.

Hadith 4080

Volume 3

English

Abu Juhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “I do not eat reclining.” 2 [Narrated by Bukhari] In Abu Dawud’s narration from Abdullah ibn Amr: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was never seen eating reclining, nor two men walking behind him.” Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated from Ibn Abbas, Khalid ibn al-Walid, Ubaydah al-Salmani, Muhammad ibn Sirin, Ata’ ibn Yasar, and al-Zuhri that it is permissible without restriction. Thus, in “Al-Alamgiriyyah”: There is no harm in eating reclining if not out of arrogance. In “Al-Zahiriyyah”: This is the preferred view, per “Jawahir al-Akhlati.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5398 (unverified) 98% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 2

I do not eat reclining

(2) The statement: “I do not eat reclining”: In “Umdat al-Qari,” Shaykh Zayn al-Din said al-Tirmidhi interpreted reclining as disliked, as he titled it, which is the majority view. Many Companions and Followers ate reclining, per Ibn Abi Shaybah. There is disagreement on what reclining means. Some said it refers to sitting cross-legged as if preparing to eat. In “Al-Talwih,” reclining is leaning on the cushion beneath, sitting firmly on it. Others said it is leaning on one side, a habit of the arrogant. Al-Khattabi said: The common understanding is leaning on one side, but here it means sitting firmly on the cushion, not eating casually but with focus. Al-Tirmidhi’s wording is: “As for me, I do not eat reclining.” Some argued this is specific to the Prophet (ﷺ), as Abu al-Abbas ibn al-Ass counted it among his unique traits, but the apparent view is it is not specific. Al-Tabarani narrated in “Al-Awsat” from Abu al-Darda’: “Do not eat reclining,” with a reliable chain. Al-Bayhaqi said it may be disliked as it resembles the arrogant and derives from non-Arab kings. The recommended sitting posture for eating is kneeling on both knees with the tops of the feet down or sitting with the right leg raised and the left folded, per “Umdat al-Qari.” Thus, in “Al-Alamgiriyyah” and “Al-Fatawa al-Attabiyyah”: Eating or drinking reclining, with the left leg on the ground or leaning, is disliked. In “Radd al-Muhtar”: There is no harm in eating reclining or bareheaded in the preferred view, provided it is not out of arrogance, per “Al-Zahiriyyah” and “Jawahir al-Akhlati.”

Note 2

قوله

(٢) قوله: لا آكل متكثا: قال في (عمدة القاري): وقال شيخنا زين الدين : حمل الترمذي أحاديث الأكل متكئا علىالكراهة كما بوّب عليه، وهو قول الجمهور. وقد أكل غير واحد من الصاحابة والتابعين متكئا. رواه ابن أبي شيبة فيمصنَّفه، ثم قال: اختلف في المراد بالاتّكاء في حالةالأكل، فقيل: المراد المتربع المتقعد كالمتهئ للطعام، انتهى كلامه.وفي (التلويح): المتكئ هنا هو المعتمد على الوطاء الذي تحته، وكل من استوى قاعدا على وطاه فهو المتكئ، كأنه أوكىمقعدته وسدها بالقعود على الوطاء الذي تحته. وقيل: الاتكاء هو أن يتكئ على أحد جانبيه، وهو فعل المتجبرين. وقال الخطابي: حسب العامة أن المتكئ هو المائل على أحد شقيه، وليس كذلك، بل المتكئ هنا هو المعتمد على الوطأ الذيتحته وكل من استوى قاعدا على وطئه فهو متكئ، أي إذا أكلت لم أقعد متمكنا على الأوطئة فعل من يستكثر منالأطعمة، ولكني آكل العلقة من الطعام، فيكون قعودي مستوفزا له. ولفظ الترمذي: (أما أنا فلا آكل متكئا). واستدل به بعضهم على أن ترك الأكل متكئا من خصائصه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم . وقدعده أبو العباس بن العاص من خصائصه، والظاهر عدم التخصيص. وقد روى الطبراني في (الأوسط) من حديثأبي الدرداء قال: قال رسول اللّٰه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم :(لا تأكل متكئا). ورجال إسناده ثقات. وقال البيهقي: قد يكره أيضًا؛ لأنه منفعل المتعظمين، وأصله مأخوذ من ملوك العجم. وقد أخرجه ابن أبي شيبة عن ابن عباس وخالد بن الوليد وعبيدةالسماني ومحمد بن سيرين وعطاء بن يسار والزهري جواز ذلك مطلقًا، وإذا ثبت كونه مكروها أو خلاف الأولىفالمستحب في صفة الجلوس للآكل أن يكون جاثيا على ركبتيه وظهور قدميه، أو ينصب الرجل اليمنى ويجلس علىاليسرى، انتهى كلام (عمدة القاري). قلت: لذلك قال في (العالمكيرية): ويكره الأكل والشرب متكئا أو واضعاشماله على الأرض أو مستندا. كذا في(الفتاوى العتابية). وقال في (رد المحتار): ولا بأس بالأكل متكئا أو مكشوفالرأس في المختار، وأيضًا قال في (العالمكيرية): لا بأس بالأكل متكئا إذا لم يكن بالتكبر. وفي (الظهيرية): هوالمختار. كذا في (جواهر الأخلاطي).

Hadith 4081

Volume 3

English

Anas narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When food is placed, take off your sandals, for it is more refreshing for your feet.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Mishkat al-Masabih 4245 (unverified) 40% confidence
  • Candidate: Sunan al-Darimi 2076 (unverified) 25% confidence

Mishkat (candidate) 4245

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Hadith 4082

Volume 3

English

Qatadah narrated from Anas: The Prophet (ﷺ) never ate on a khiwan (table), 1 nor in a sukurjah (small bowl), nor was his bread ever thinned. It was said to Qatadah: “On what did they eat?” He said: “On a sufrah (mat).”
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  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5386 (unverified) 95% confidence

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Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

The Prophet (ﷺ) never ate on a khiwan

(1) The statement: “The Prophet (ﷺ) never ate on a khiwan”: In “Umdat al-Qari,” it is explained that a khiwan is not fully described by the narrators, but it is a large copper tray with a copper stand attached, about a cubit long, used to hold yogurt and placed before a prominent or indulgent person, carried by two or more people. Al-Turbishti said: The khiwan, used for eating, is a Persian term, and eating on it is a habit of the indulgent and tyrants to avoid bending down while eating. In “Al-Mirqat,” citing “Al-Nihayah,” a sufrah is food taken by travelers, often carried in a round leather mat, with the term transferred from the food to the mat, like a waterskin called a rawiyah. It became known as what food is placed on, whether leather or otherwise, except a table (ma’idah), as it is typically a symbol of arrogance. Eating on a sufrah is a Sunnah, while eating on a khiwan is an innovation but permissible. In “Al-Kawkab al-Durri,” eating on a khiwan intentionally is disliked, but if incidental, there is no harm unless it mimics tyrants’ habits. The essence is that eating on a khiwan is merely less preferable, but if it resembles Jewish or Christian customs, as in our lands, it is prohibitively disliked. If not, it still misses benefits, as eating on a lower surface requires bending, reducing stomach expansion and sufficing with less food. Such posture avoids humility and neediness, unlike a khiwan. Similarly, a sukurjah (Persian: sukur), or something similar, implies eating one type of food, promoting moderation, while variety encourages excess. Thinned bread follows the same reasoning, being a luxury that encourages overeating, especially since they lacked sieves to refine flour and wheat was scarce, with barley being their main food.

Note 1

قوله

(١) قوله: ما أكل النبي صلي الله عليه واله وسلم على خوان: قال في(عمدة القاري): ليس ما ذكر القوم كله بيان هيئة الخوان، وهو طبق كبيرمن نحاس تحته كرسي من نحاس ملزوق به، طوله قدر ذراع، يرص فيه الزبادي، ويوضع بين يدي كبير من المترفين،ولا يحمله إلا اثنان فما فوقهما اه. وقال التوربشتي: الخوان الذي يؤكل عليه معرَّب، والأكل عليه لم يزل من دأبالمترفين وصنيع الجبارين؛ لئلا يفتقروا إلى التطاطؤ عند الأكل، انتهى. وقال في (المرقاة): وفي (النهاية): السفرة الطعاميتخذه المسافر، وأكثر ما يحمل في جلد مستدير، فنقل اسم الطعام إلى الجلد، وسمى به كما سميت المزادة رواية، وغيرذلك من الأسماء المنقولة اه. ثم اشتهرت لما يوضع عليه الطعام، جلدا كان أو غيره، ما عدا المائدة؛ لما مر من أنها شعارالمتكبرين غالبا، فالأكل على السفرة سنة، وعلى الخوان بدعة، لكنها جائزة. وقال في (الكوكب الدري): ثم إن الأكل على الخوان أما أن يكون قصدًا أو اتفاقًا، فإن كان الأول لزم كراهته،وإن كان الثاني فلا ضير في الأكل على الخوان إلا أنه لما كان من ديدن الجبابرة ههنا كان منهيا إذا كان على دأبهم.والحاصل: أن الأكل على الخوان بحسب نفس ذاته لا يربو على ترك الأولوية، فأما إذا لزم فيه التشبه باليهودوالنصارى كما هو في ديارنا كان مكروها تحريميًا، وأما إذا لم يكن على دأبهم، فلا يخلو أيضًا عن تفويت منافع، فإنالطعام إذا لم يكن على مكان أرفع يضطر في أكله إلى الانحناء، فيقل بذلك اتساع البطن، فيكتفي بالقليل من الغذاء،وإن القعود على هذه الهيئة ينتزع منه الذل والمسكنة بخلاف تلك، وكذلك الأكل في السكرجة، وهو معرَّبسكوري، فإن لم يكن معرَّبًا منها فهي في معناه، وكان ذلك لاكتفائه صلي الله عليه واله وسلم بطعام واحد، فإن ذلك داع إلى قلة الأكل،والتفنن يورث كثرته، والخبز المرقق على هذا القياس؛ فإنه مع كونه من دأب المترفين المرفهين يكون سبب الإكثارفي الأكل للآكل، مع أنهم لم يكن لهم غرابيل يغربل فيها الدقيق مع قلة الحنطة، وكان عامة طعامهم إذ ذاك هوالشعير.

Hadith 4083

Volume 3

English

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I do not know that the Prophet (ﷺ) ever saw thinned bread 1 until he met Allah, nor a roasted sheep with his own eyes.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5386 (unverified) 85% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Commentary and footnotes (2)

Note 1

I do not know that the Prophet (ﷺ) saw thinned bread, etc.

(1) The statement: “I do not know that the Prophet (ﷺ) saw thinned bread, etc.”: Ibn Battal said: Eating thinned bread is permissible, but the Prophet (ﷺ) avoided it out of asceticism, shunning luxury and preferring what is with Allah, per “Umdat al-Qari.” In “Al-Alamgiriyyah,” there is no harm in eating faludhaj (a sweet dish) or delicious foods, per “Al-Zahiriyyah.” Enjoying various fruits is permissible, but avoiding them is better, per “Khazanat al-Muftin.”

Note 1

قوله

(١) قوله: ما أعلم النبي صلي الله عليه واله وسلم رأى رغيفا مرققا إلخ: وقال ابن بطال: أكل المرقق جائز ومباح، ولم يتركه سيدنا رسولاللّٰهإلا زهدا في الدنيا وتركا للتنعم وإيثارا لما عند اللّٰه وغير ذلك. قاله في(عمدة القاري). وقال في(العالمكيرية): ولا بأس بأكل الفالوذج وأنواع الأطعمة الشهية. كذا في (الظهيرية) ولا بأس بالتفكه بأنواع الفاكهةوتركه أفضل. كذا في (خزانة المفتين).

Hadith 4084

Volume 3

English

Sahl ibn Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) never saw refined flour from the time Allah sent him until Allah took him. He said: “He never saw a sieve from the time Allah sent him until Allah took him.” It was asked: “How did you eat unsifted barley?” He said: “We ground it, blew on it, what flew away flew, and what remained we moistened and ate.”
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  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5413 (unverified) 98% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4085

Volume 3

English

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: “A month would pass without us lighting a fire; it was only dates and water unless we were brought some meat.”
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  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 6458 (unverified) 90% confidence

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Hadith 4086

Volume 3

English

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: “The family of Muhammad never ate their fill of wheat bread for two days, except that one of them was dates.”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 6454 (unverified) 86% confidence
  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2970c (unverified) 85% confidence

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.

Hadith 4087

Volume 3

English

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed away, and we never ate our fill of the two dark things (dates and water).”
Possible references (unverified, pending editorial review)
  • Candidate: Sahih al-Bukhari 5383 (unverified) 70% confidence
  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2975 (unverified) 60% confidence
  • Candidate: Mishkat al-Masabih 4175 (unverified) 35% confidence

Mishkat (candidate) 4175

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Hadith 4088

Volume 3

English

Nu’man ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “Are you not in food and drink as you please? I saw your Prophet (ﷺ) when he could not find even low-quality dates to fill his stomach.”
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  • Candidate: Sahih Muslim 2977b (unverified) 78% confidence · Validation similarity: 0.429

Confidence and text similarity are not editorial verification.