Fatimah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “There is a right in wealth besides Zakat.” Then he recited: “Righteousness is not in turning your faces toward the east or the west...” (Al-Baqarah 2:177).
And the words of Allah, the Almighty: “And He increases charity.” (Al-Baqarah 2:276), and His words: “But righteousness is in one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask, and for freeing slaves.” (Al-Baqarah 2:177).
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Commentary and footnotes (2)
Chapter-heading commentary
Gives wealth.
(1) The statement: “Gives wealth.” In Al-Madarik: “This refers to voluntary charity and good deeds.”
Chapter-heading commentary
قوله
(۱) قوله : آتى المال: قال في المدارك»: المراد به نوافل الصدقات والمبار.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever gives charity equal to a date from good earnings—and Allah does not accept except what is good—Allah will accept it with His right hand and nurture it for its owner, just as one of you nurtures his foal, until it becomes like a mountain.”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ حلال مال سے تھوڑی سی خیرات بھی ثواب میں
اللہ تعالیٰ کے پاس مقبول اور بے حساب ہے اس کے برخلاف اگر حرام مال سے لاکھوں روپیہ بھی خرچ
کرے تو اللہ تعالیٰ اس کو قبول نہیں فرماتے اور نہ اس کا کوئی ثواب ہے، اس سے مسلمانوں کو چاہئے کہ
راہ خدا میں خرچ کرتے وقت حلال مال کا خیال رکھیں، تھوڑے، بہت کا خیال نہ کریں۔
Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O Prophet of Allah, what is charity?” He said: “It is multiplied many times over, and with Allah is even more.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Charity does not decrease wealth, and Allah increases the honor of the one who forgives. No one humbles himself for Allah except that Allah raises him.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever spends a pair in the way of Allah will be called from the gates of Paradise: ‘O servant of Allah, this is good.’ Paradise has gates, and whoever was among the people of prayer will be called from the gate of prayer. Whoever was among the people of jihad will be called from the gate of jihad. Whoever was among the people of charity will be called from the gate of charity. Whoever was among the people of fasting will be called from the gate of Ar-Rayyan.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O Messenger of Allah, is there anyone who will be called from all these gates?” He said: “Yes, and I hope that you will be among them.”
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “No Muslim servant spends a pair from his wealth in the way of Allah except that the gatekeepers of Paradise will call him to what they have.” I asked: “How is that?” He said: “If it is camels, then two camels; if it is cattle, then two cattle.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked: “Who among you is fasting today?” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I am.” He asked: “Who among you has followed a funeral today?” Abu Bakr said: “I have.” He asked: “Who among you has fed a poor person today?” Abu Bakr said: “I have.” He asked: “Who among you has visited a sick person today?” Abu Bakr said: “I have.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “These qualities do not come together in a person except that he enters Paradise.”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف(2): اس حدیث شریف میں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کے دریافت فرمانے پر حضرت
ابوبکر صدیق رضی اللہ عنہ نے ”اَنَا“ (میں) کہا ہے، اس بارے میں صاحب مرقات اور صاحب اشعۃ
اللمعات نے لکھا ہے ”اَنَا“ (میں) کہنا دو حیثیتوں سے ہوتا ہے، ایک مذموم (یعنی برا) دوسرے محمود
(یعنی اچھا) ”اَنَا“ کہنے کی مذموم حیثیت یہ ہے کہ بطور فخر ”اَنَا“ کہا جائے جیسے ابلیس کا قول ”اَنَا
خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ“، یا ”اَنَا الْعَالِمُ“ ”اَنَا الزَّاهِدُ“، وغیرہ۔ اور ”اَنَا“ کہنے کی محمود حیثیت یہ ہے کہ طلب ثواب
کے موقع پر یا بطور (انکساری) ”اَنَا“ کہا جائے، جیسے: ”اَنَا اَوَّلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ“، ”اَنَا سَيِّدُ وُلْدِ اٰدَمَ“
یا ”اَنَا الْحَقِيرُ“، ”اَنَا الْعَبْدُ“، وغیرہ۔12
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “O Muslim women, let no neighbor look down on her neighbor, even if it is a sheep’s hoof.”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ صدقہ کا تعلق صرف مال سے ہی نہیں بلکہ ہر وہ عمل جس
سے رضاء الٰہی حاصل ہو، صدقہ ہے مثلاً کسی کے ساتھ خوش اخلاقی سے پیش آنا وغیرہ۔ اشعۃ
اللمعات۔12
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Do not belittle any good deed, even if it is meeting your brother with a cheerful face.”
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Every good deed is charity. Among the good deeds is meeting your brother with a cheerful face and pouring water from your bucket into your brother’s vessel.”
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Your smile at your brother is charity. Enjoining good and forbidding evil is charity. Guiding a man in a land of misguidance is charity. Helping a man with poor eyesight is charity. Removing a stone, thorn, or bone from the road is charity. Pouring water from your bucket into your brother’s bucket is charity.”
Abu Jurayy Jabir ibn Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I came to Madinah and saw a man whose opinion people followed. He did not say anything except that people acted upon it. I asked: ‘Who is this?’ They said: ‘This is the Messenger of Allah.’ I said: ‘Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah,’ twice. He said: ‘Do not say: “Peace be upon you,” for that is the greeting of the dead. Say: “Peace be upon you.”’ I said: ‘Are you the Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘I am the Messenger of Allah. If harm befalls you and you call upon Him, He will remove it. If a year of drought befalls you and you call upon Him, He will make it grow for you. If you are in a barren land and your mount strays, and you call upon Him, He will return it to you.’ I said: ‘Advise me.’ He said: ‘Do not curse anyone.’ After that, I did not curse any free person, slave, camel, or sheep. He said: ‘Do not belittle any good deed, even if it is speaking to your brother with a cheerful face. That is a good deed. Raise your garment to mid-calf, and if you refuse, then to the ankles. Beware of letting your garment drag, for it is a sign of arrogance, and Allah does not love arrogance. If someone insults you and shames you with what he knows about you, do not shame him with what you know about him, for the burden of that will be on him.’”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف میں حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے جابر بن سلیم کو علیک السلام کہنے
سے منع فرمایا ہے، اس بارے میں مرقات اور اشعۃ اللمعات میں لکھا ہے کہ زمانہ جاہلیت میں عربوں کی
عادت تھی کہ جب وہ کسی قبر پر سلام کرتے تو ”علیک السلام“ کہتے، اسی عام عادت کی بناء پر
حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے جابر بن سلیم کو زندوں پر علیک السلام کہنے سے منع فرمایا اور ان کو تعلیم دی
کہ جب وہ کسی کو سلام کریں تو ”السلام علیک“ کہا کریں، ویسے تو مردوں پر ”السلام
علیکم“ کہنا اور احادیث سے ثابت ہے۔12
Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Every Muslim must give charity.” They said: “What if he cannot?” He said: “Let him work with his hands, benefit himself, and give charity.” They said: “What if he cannot do that?” He said: “Let him help someone in need.” They said: “What if he cannot do that?” He said: “Let him enjoin good.” They said: “What if he cannot do that?” He said: “Let him refrain from evil, for that is charity.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Every joint of a person must give charity every day the sun rises. Acting justly between two people is charity. Helping a man mount his animal or lifting his belongings onto it is charity. A good word is charity. Every step you take toward prayer is charity. Removing harm from the road is charity.”
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Every human being is created with three hundred and sixty joints. Whoever glorifies Allah, praises Allah, declares Allah’s oneness, and removes a stone, thorn, or bone from the road, or enjoins good or forbids evil, to the number of those joints, he will walk on the Day of Resurrection having distanced himself from the Fire.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “A man passed by a branch of a tree on the road and said: ‘I will remove this from the path of the Muslims so it does not harm them.’ He was admitted to Paradise because of it.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “I saw a man enjoying himself in Paradise because of a tree he had cut from the road that was harming people.”
Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I said: ‘O Prophet of Allah, teach me something I can benefit from.’ He said: ‘Remove harm from the path of the Muslims.’”
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Every glorification of Allah is charity. Every declaration of His greatness is charity. Every praise of Him is charity. Every declaration of His oneness is charity. Enjoining good is charity. Forbidding evil is charity. And in the sexual act of one of you is charity.” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, does one of us fulfill his desire and receive reward for it?” He said: “Do you not see that if he had done it unlawfully, he would have sinned? Similarly, if he does it lawfully, he is rewarded.”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: اشعۃ اللمعات میں لکھا ہے کہ نفس جماع نہ تو صدقہ ہے اور نہ عبادت، البتہ کوئی شخص
جماع کے ذریعے حرام سے اپنے نفس کی نگہداشت کرتا ہے اور اپنی بیوی کا حق بھی ادا کرتا ہے اور نیک
اولاد پیدا ہونے کی نیت کرتا ہے، اس لئے اس طرح اپنی بیوی سے جماع کرنے پر مسلمان کو ثواب ملتا
ہے۔12
Buhaysah reported from her father that she said: “O Messenger of Allah, what is the thing that it is not permissible to withhold?” He said: “Water.” She said: “O Prophet of Allah, what is the thing that it is not permissible to withhold?” He said: “Salt.” She said: “O Prophet of Allah, what is the thing that it is not permissible to withhold?” He said: “Doing good is better for you.”
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “No Muslim plants a tree or sows a crop, and a bird, human, or animal eats from it, except that it is charity for him.” [Agreed upon]
In a narration by Muslim from Jabir: “And whatever is stolen from it is charity for him.”
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever revives a dead land, he will have reward for it, and whatever is eaten from it by living beings is charity for him.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “The best charity is a milking she-camel given as a gift, and a milking sheep given as a gift, which goes out in the morning with a vessel and returns in the evening with another.”
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Commentary and footnotes (3)
Note 1
Given as a gift.
(1) The statement: “Given as a gift.” In Al-Bada’i: “If one gives a milking sheep, camel, or cow as a gift and says: ‘This sheep is a gift for you,’ or ‘This camel,’ or ‘This cow,’ it is considered a loan, and it is permissible for the recipient to benefit from its milk. Even though milk is a physical substance, it is considered a benefit by custom and practice, so it is treated as a benefit, as if he has permitted him to drink the milk. Thus, it is permissible for him to benefit from its milk.”
Note 1
قوله
(۱) قوله: منحة: وقال في البدائع: ولو منحه شاة حلوبًا أو ناقة حلوبًا أو بقرة حلوبا، وقال: هذه الشاة لك منحة، أو هذه الناقة، أو هذه البقرة كان عارية، وجاز له الانتفاع بلبنها؛ لأن اللبن وإن كان عينا حقيقة فهو معدود من المنافع عرفا وعادةً، فأعطى له حكم المنفعة، كأنه أباح له شرب اللبن، فيجوز له الانتفاع بلبنها.
Note 1
ف: اس حدیث شریف میں ”مِنْحَةٌ“ کا لفظ مذکور ہے اور ”مِنْحَةٌ“ عطیہ کو کہتے ہیں اور یہ
عموماً اونٹ، گائے اور بکری میں ہوا کرتا تھا۔ عرب میں یہ معمول تھا کہ صاحب ثروت جس کو اللہ تعالیٰ
توفیق دے، وہ دودھ والی اونٹنی، گائے یا بکری، کسی محتاج کو مستعار دیتا تاکہ وہ دودھ استعمال کرنے کے
بعد مالک کو پھر واپس کر دے، اس کو حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے بہت پسند فرمایا اور اس کی تعریف کی
ہے۔ (مرقات، اشعۃ اللمعات)۔
Al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever gives a gift of milk, silver, or guides someone to a path, it is like freeing a slave.”
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “A sinful woman was forgiven because she passed by a dog panting on top of a well, almost dying of thirst. She took off her shoe, tied it with her headscarf, and drew water for it. She was forgiven because of that.” It was said: “Is there reward for us in animals?” He said: “There is reward in every living being.”
Ibn Umar and Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with them) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “A woman was punished because of a cat she confined until it died of hunger. She did not feed it or let it go to eat from the insects of the earth.”
Abdullah ibn Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “When the Prophet (ﷺ) arrived in Madinah, I came to him. When I saw his face, I knew it was not the face of a liar. The first thing he said was: ‘O people, spread peace, feed the hungry, maintain family ties, and pray at night while people are asleep. You will enter Paradise in peace.’”
Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Worship the Most Merciful, feed the hungry, and spread peace. You will enter Paradise in peace.”
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Charity extinguishes the anger of the Lord and prevents a bad death.”
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Commentary and footnotes (1)
Note 1
ف: صاحب مرقات اور اشعۃ اللمعات نے سوء خاتمہ کی دو صورتیں بیان کی ہیں: ایک یہ کہ
انسان موت کے وقت غفلت، وسوسے اور جزع فزع میں مبتلا ہوجائے اور شہادت ایمان پر خاتمہ نہ
ہو۔ دوسری صورت یہ ہے کہ موت اچانک جلنے، ڈوبنے اور دب کر مرنے سے واقع ہو تو خیرات کرنے
سے اللہ تعالیٰ سوء خاتمہ کی ان دونوں صورتوں سے بچاتے ہیں اور دنیا و آخرت کی سلامتی عطا فرماتے
ہیں۔12
Commentary and footnotes (2)
Chapter-heading commentary
(1) The statement: “Gives wealth.” In Al-Madarik: “This refers to voluntary charity and good deeds.”
Chapter-heading commentary
(۱) قوله : آتى المال: قال في المدارك»: المراد به نوافل الصدقات والمبار.